New Hampshire’s firearm laws are among the least restrictive in the United States, providing strong protections for gun owners. This guide explains New Hampshire’s requirements for purchasing firearms, open and concealed carry regulations, restricted locations, and self-defense laws to help residents and visitors stay informed.

New Hampshire Gun Laws Overview

Purchasing Firearms in New Hampshire

New Hampshire does not require a permit or background check for private sales of firearms, though federal background checks are required for sales from licensed dealers.

Key Requirements:

Permit to Purchase: No permit is required to purchase handguns or long guns.
Background Check: Required only for firearms purchased through licensed dealers; private sales do not require background checks.
Waiting Period: New Hampshire does not impose a waiting period for firearm purchases.
Minimum Age: Federal law sets the minimum age at 18 for long guns and 21 for handguns.

Private Sales and Background Checks

Private firearm sales in New Hampshire are not subject to background check requirements or additional regulations, allowing residents to transfer firearms legally without involving a licensed dealer. Sellers are encouraged to verify that buyers are legally eligible to possess a firearm.

Open Carry in New Hampshire

New Hampshire allows open carry of firearms without a permit, making it permissible for residents to openly carry firearms in most public areas.

Key Points on Open Carry:

Permitless Open Carry: Open carry is allowed without a permit for individuals legally eligible to possess a firearm.
Local Restrictions: State law prohibits local governments from enacting firearm regulations more restrictive than state law.
Vehicle Carry: Open carry in vehicles is permitted without a permit.

Concealed Carry in New Hampshire

New Hampshire is a “constitutional carry” state, allowing permitless concealed carry for individuals 18 and older who can legally possess firearms. However, residents may still obtain a concealed carry permit for reciprocity with other states.

How to Obtain a Concealed Carry License:

Eligibility Requirements: Applicants must be at least 18, pass a federal background check, and have no disqualifying criminal record.
Application Process: Submit the application at the local police department (or sheriff’s office if residing outside a town/city), along with any required fees.
Renewal: Concealed carry permits are valid for five years and must be renewed for reciprocity purposes.

Reciprocity with Other States

New Hampshire recognizes concealed carry permits from certain other states, and residents with permits may have reciprocity in states that recognize New Hampshire’s permits. It’s advisable to check current reciprocity agreements when traveling.

Restricted Locations for Carrying Firearms in New Hampshire

While New Hampshire allows open and concealed carry, firearms are restricted in some areas for safety and security.

Schools and University Campuses: Firearms are generally prohibited on K-12 school property, though there are some exceptions for specific situations.
Government Buildings: Firearms are prohibited in certain government buildings, including courthouses and state legislatures.
Private Property: Private property owners can prohibit firearms on their premises; posted restrictions must be followed.
Places of Worship: Religious institutions may prohibit firearms, and their rules must be respected.

Assault Weapons and Magazine Capacity in New Hampshire

New Hampshire does not have state-level restrictions on assault weapons or magazine capacity, allowing residents to own and use a wide range of firearms without these limitations.

Self-Defense Laws in New Hampshire: Castle Doctrine and Stand Your Ground

New Hampshire recognizes Castle Doctrine and Stand Your Ground laws, allowing residents to defend themselves with force, including deadly force, in certain situations without a duty to retreat.

Stand Your Ground

Under New Hampshire’s Stand Your Ground law, individuals may use force to defend themselves without a duty to retreat if they are lawfully present and face an immediate threat of serious harm.

Castle Doctrine

New Hampshire’s Castle Doctrine allows residents to defend themselves within their home or property without a duty to retreat if they believe they face an immediate threat.

Firearms Prohibited Persons in New Hampshire

Certain individuals are prohibited from possessing firearms in New Hampshire based on federal and state regulations.

Felony Convictions: Individuals convicted of felonies are generally prohibited from possessing firearms.
Domestic Violence Convictions: Those with certain domestic violence convictions or restraining orders may not possess firearms.
Mental Health Restrictions: Individuals declared mentally unfit by a court may be restricted from firearm ownership.
Substance Abuse: Certain drug-related offenses can lead to restrictions on firearm possession.

Penalties for Violating Gun Laws in New Hampshire

Violations of New Hampshire’s firearm laws may result in serious penalties, including fines, imprisonment, and potential restrictions on firearm rights.

Unlawful Possession: Possessing a firearm as a prohibited individual may lead to criminal charges.
Carrying in Restricted Areas: Bringing firearms into restricted areas such as schools or government buildings can lead to legal consequences.
Failure to Comply with Local Regulations: Although New Hampshire preempts local restrictions, compliance with statewide laws is essential to avoid penalties.

Conclusion: Understanding New Hampshire’s Gun Laws

New Hampshire’s permissive gun laws allow residents to carry firearms openly and concealed with minimal restrictions. Understanding New Hampshire’s firearm regulations for purchasing, carrying, restricted areas, and self-defense protections can help residents and visitors stay compliant.

FAQs About Gun Laws in New Hampshire

1. Do I need a permit to buy a gun in New Hampshire?
No, New Hampshire does not require a permit to purchase firearms.

2. Is open carry allowed without a permit in New Hampshire?
Yes, open carry is legal without a permit for those who can legally possess firearms.

3. Does New Hampshire restrict magazine capacity?
No, New Hampshire does not impose magazine capacity restrictions.

4. Does New Hampshire recognize out-of-state concealed carry permits?
Yes, New Hampshire recognizes concealed carry permits from specific states.

5. What self-defense laws apply in New Hampshire?
New Hampshire enforces Stand Your Ground and Castle Doctrine laws, allowing self-defense without a duty to retreat in specific situations.